How are airports categorised?

Airport Categorization Based on Aircraft Size

Airports are classified into various categories based on the size of aircraft they are designed to accommodate. This categorization method distinguishes between airports capable of handling smaller, less complex aircraft and those built for larger, more sophisticated airliners.

Airport Category Classifications

• Small Airports: These airports are typically designed for aircraft with a maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of 12,500 pounds or less. They cater to general aviation, private aircraft, and small commercial planes.

• Medium Airports: Airports in this category accommodate aircraft with an MTOW ranging from 12,500 to 75,000 pounds. They serve regional and national carriers operating mid-sized aircraft, including turboprops and regional jets.

• Large Airports: These airports are designed for aircraft with an MTOW exceeding 75,000 pounds. They accommodate major airlines, international carriers, and large aircraft such as wide-body jets and cargo planes.

• Hub Airports: Hub airports serve as major air transportation centers, connecting multiple cities through hubs. They typically have multiple runways capable of handling large aircraft and offer a wide range of destinations and flight options.

• International Airports: Airports designated as international handle flights to and from foreign countries. They often have customs and immigration facilities on-site and are equipped to cater to international passengers.

Significance of Airport Categorization

Categorizing airports based on aircraft size is crucial for several reasons:

• Infrastructure Design: Airport infrastructure is tailored to the size and type of aircraft it supports. This includes runway length, taxiway widths, terminal size, and cargo handling facilities.

• Safety Regulations: Airports must adhere to safety regulations based on the size and complexity of aircraft they handle. Larger aircraft require longer runways, more advanced navigational systems, and additional safety measures.

• Economic Development: Airport size and capacity influence the economic impact on their surrounding regions. Large airports attract major airlines, provide employment opportunities, and facilitate trade and tourism.

Conclusion

The categorization of airports based on aircraft size is essential for ensuring safe and efficient air transportation. It allows for the proper design, operation, and regulation of airports, catering to the needs of different types of aircraft and ensuring optimal flight operations and customer experiences.