What is the speed of aircraft taxiing?

Aircraft Taxiing: A Delicate Balance of Speed and Safety

Aircraft taxiing, the process of maneuvering an aircraft on the ground before takeoff or after landing, requires a delicate balance of speed and safety. While it may seem like a simple operation, taxiing presents its own unique set of challenges that demand careful attention and precision.

The Role of Speed

The average taxiing speed of an aircraft typically ranges from 18 to 22 miles per hour (mph), with variations depending on the size and type of aircraft. This relatively low speed serves several important purposes:

• Swift Stops: In the event of an emergency, such as an obstacle on the runway or a technical issue, pilots need to be able to stop the aircraft quickly. The low taxiing speed allows for rapid deceleration, minimizing the risk of accidents.
• Wheel Protection: Especially for larger aircraft, such as wide-body jets, taxiing at a slower speed helps protect the wheels from wear and tear. The tires of these aircraft are designed for high-speed takeoffs and landings, but they can be vulnerable to damage if subjected to excessive stress during taxiing.

Factors Influencing Taxiing Speed

Several factors can influence the taxiing speed of an aircraft, including:

• Aircraft Weight: Heavier aircraft require more time and distance to decelerate, so they typically taxi at slightly lower speeds.
• Taxiway Conditions: The surface of the taxiway, whether it’s dry, wet, or icy, can affect the aircraft’s traction and therefore its taxiing speed.
• Air Traffic Control: In congested airports, air traffic control may instruct aircraft to slow down or speed up to maintain separation from other aircraft.

Deviation from Designated Taxiways

Straying from the designated taxiway can pose a significant hazard, especially in low-visibility conditions. The edges of taxiways are often reinforced with concrete or asphalt to prevent aircraft from rolling off, and any deviation can result in damage to the aircraft or injury to passengers. Pilots are therefore trained to adhere strictly to the prescribed taxi routes and maintain the appropriate taxiing speed.

Conclusion

Aircraft taxiing is a crucial aspect of airport operations, requiring a balanced approach that prioritizes safety while maintaining efficiency. The slow taxiing speed not only allows for swift stops and protects the aircraft’s wheels but also ensures adherence to designated taxiways and minimizes the risk of accidents. By understanding the factors that influence taxiing speed and adhering to the prescribed guidelines, pilots contribute to the safe and smooth operation of airports worldwide.