What country has the least trains?

The Land Without Rails: Why Iceland Has the Fewest Trains in the World

Imagine a country of breathtaking volcanic landscapes, cascading waterfalls, and dramatic coastlines. Now imagine that same country without the familiar sight and sound of trains crisscrossing the land. That’s Iceland. While many nations boast extensive railway networks connecting cities and towns, Iceland stands apart, holding the distinction of having arguably the least developed train infrastructure in the world.

This absence isn’t due to a lack of interest, but rather a unique combination of geographical challenges, historical circumstances, and practical considerations. To understand why Iceland remains largely train-free, we need to delve into the nation’s history and its relationship with transportation.

One of the primary factors is Iceland’s challenging topography. The island nation is a geologically active zone, prone to volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and glacial floods. Constructing and maintaining railway tracks across such a volatile landscape would be an immense engineering feat, requiring significant investment and constant upkeep. The sheer difficulty of building and maintaining lines over rugged mountains, across vast lava fields, and through unpredictable glacial terrains has always presented a formidable obstacle.

Beyond the geographical hurdles, Iceland’s sparse population also plays a crucial role. With a population density significantly lower than many European countries, the demand for a widespread railway network has simply not been strong enough to justify the massive upfront costs. Connecting relatively small communities scattered across the island with an extensive train system would likely prove economically unsustainable.

Historically, Iceland has relied heavily on other modes of transportation. For centuries, seafaring was the primary method of moving goods and people between coastal settlements. Later, road infrastructure became the preferred option, particularly after World War II. Investment focused on developing a robust road network, making buses and private vehicles the dominant forms of transport. This prioritization of road transport further diminished the need and perceived viability of a railway system.

Interestingly, Iceland hasn’t been entirely without trains throughout its history. Short, narrow-gauge lines were constructed in the early 20th century for specific construction projects, such as building harbors and breakwaters. These lines, primarily used for transporting materials, were temporary and dismantled once the projects were completed. They served a practical purpose for a limited time but never evolved into a permanent, nationwide rail network.

So, while the idea of traversing Iceland’s stunning landscapes by train might sound appealing to some, the reality is that the nation’s unique circumstances have consistently steered it away from developing a substantial railway system. For now, Iceland remains a land defined more by its iconic ring road, its vibrant road culture, and its breathtaking natural beauty, a beauty that can be experienced in a myriad of ways, just not from the window of a train. The rumble of engines here belongs to trucks and buses, navigating the winding roads that connect this fascinating and unique island nation.